If your child has speech, language and communication needs, you may have heard the term Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC). Understanding AAC can be overwhelming initially, as it includes a very broad range of communication tools and strategies. However, understanding AAC and knowing what the options are can be a really helpful first step in seeking the best communication solution for your child.
AAC encompasses a wide array of tools and methods, from simple communication boards to advanced speech-generating devices, all of which are designed to support individuals who have difficulty with verbal expression.
Understanding the options out there can support parents to make informed decisions about the types of tools available to enhance their child’s ability to communicate. In this guide, we will delve into some of the forms of AAC which might be available to your child, exploring who can benefit from these tools and offering guidance to help you feel confident in choosing the right communication aid for your child.
It is always advised to consult a Speech and Language Therapist about what kind of AAC your child might respond best to, but knowing your options can help you to enter into these discussions in a more informed manner.
Understanding Augmentative and Alternative Communication
What is AAC?
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) refers to the various methods and tools used to assist individuals who struggle with verbal speech.
AAC is an inclusive term that encompasses any form of communication outside of traditional speaking. It includes systems like communication boards, picture cards, and speech-generating devices. In addition, AAC covers “no-tech” methods such as gestures and facial expression.
The goal of AAC is not to replace speech, but to support and enhance the user’s ability to communicate. For some, it provides a temporary solution whilst developing verbal skills. For others, it offers a permanent means of expression. Regardless of the long-term goal, AAC allows users to connect more effectively with the world around them.
Benefits of AAC for Children
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) offers numerous benefits for children with speech, language and communication needs.
One of the primary advantages is increased independence. With the help of AAC, children can express their thoughts, needs, and emotions more freely, reducing frustration. This newfound ability to communicate can significantly boost their confidence and self-esteem.
AAC can also enhance social interactions, allowing children to participate more fully in family and community life. It also supports language development, as consistent use of AAC tools can help children build vocabulary and language skills over time.
Importantly, for those with the capacity to develop spoken language, AAC devices serve as a bridge to verbal communication - not a barrier.
By embracing AAC, parents and caregivers can provide their children with a powerful tool that promotes interaction and engagement, ultimately enriching their quality of life and fostering a sense of belonging and participation.
Examples of AAC Devices
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices come in various forms, each tailored to meet different communication needs.
High-tech AAC devices include speech-generating devices and mobile applications, such as Proloquo2Go and the Tobii Dynavox App, which use touch manipulation to create speech from selected pictures or text. Additionally, tablets and computers equipped with text-to-speech software provide dynamic and versatile communication options. For individuals with motor skill challenges, devices like Mouse4All enable communication through facial movements or eye gaze.
Low-tech AAC options encompass static systems like communication boards and picture books, which do not require power or complex technology. These tools rely on pointing to symbols or images to convey messages.
No-tech AAC techniques, such as sign language, gestures, and facial expressions, require no physical tools and can be used by anyone at any time.
Each of these devices and methods plays a crucial role in supporting individuals with diverse communication needs, enabling them to interact more effectively with others.
Exploring Low-Tech AAC Solutions
Communication Boards and Picture Cards
Communication boards and picture cards are examples of low-tech AAC solutions, offering a simple yet effective means for individuals to express their needs and thoughts. They are highly accessible and adaptable options for enhancing communication.
These tools consist of boards or cards featuring images, symbols, or words that the user can point to or arrange in a phrase or sentence in order to convey messages. They are highly customizable, allowing caregivers to include relevant vocabulary that reflects the user’s daily life and interests.
The portability of communication boards makes them convenient for use in various settings, from home to school to community activities. Picture cards can be organized into categories, such as food, emotions, or activities, to facilitate easy navigation.
Low-tech AAC solutions can be useful in bridging the gap between thought and spoken language. These tools can be particularly valuable for young children or those with limited motor skills, as they require minimal physical effort to use.
Benefits of Low-Tech Options
Low-tech AAC options such as communication boards and picture cards provide numerous benefits for individuals with communication difficulties. One of the most significant advantages is their simplicity and ease of use. These tools require no electronic components, making them reliable and accessible regardless of technological proficiency or environmental constraints. They are cost-effective, which makes them an attractive option for families and educators working within budget limitations.
Additionally, low-tech AAC solutions are highly portable and can be customized to meet the specific needs of the user. Caregivers can tailor the vocabulary included on boards and cards to reflect daily routines, preferences, and interests, ensuring relevance and engagement. These tools foster independence by enabling users to communicate essential needs and participate in social interactions more effectively. Furthermore, low-tech options serve as an excellent introduction to AAC for beginners, allowing individuals to build confidence and communication skills before transitioning to more complex devices if necessary.
Exploring High-Tech AAC Solutions
Speech-Generating Devices
Speech-generating devices (SGDs) are high-tech AAC tools that convert text or symbol selections into spoken words. These devices offer dynamic and versatile communication solutions for individuals with expressive language or speech sound difficulties. SGDs come in various forms, including standalone devices as well as applications for tablets or smartphones.
Mobile Applications for Communication
Mobile applications for communication are an integral part of high-tech AAC tools, providing accessible and flexible communication solutions. These apps transform any smartphone or tablet into a powerful augmentative communication device. Applications such as Proloquo2Go and the Tobii Dynavox App allow users to select symbols, text, or pre-recorded messages, which are then converted into speech, facilitating effective communication in various environments.
Benefits of High-Tech Options
One of the key benefits of SGDs is their ability to offer immediate auditory feedback, which aids in learning and reinforces language development. These devices can be programmed with personalized vocabulary, including phrases and sentences frequently used by the individual user. Users who become frustrated with the slower pace of low-tech options may prefer to use high-tech solutions which tend to get them to the end goal a bit more smoothly.
SGDs also support different input methods, such as touch screens, switches, or eye-tracking systems, accommodating various physical abilities. For users who might struggle with traditional communication methods, SGDs can provide a way to express thoughts, emotions, and needs. By facilitating more natural interactions, speech-generating devices can significantly improve the quality of life for users and their families.
One of the significant advantages of mobile communication apps is their portability. Users can carry these devices easily, ensuring communication support is always within reach.
By leveraging familiar mobile technology, these applications help integrate AAC seamlessly into users’ lives, enhancing communication opportunities and promoting greater independence and interaction.
References and Further Reading
- Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists (RCSLT): A valuable resource for understanding AAC and how it can benefit individuals with speech and language challenges. RCSLT - Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)
- Tobii Dynavox: Offers a range of AAC devices and apps, including the Tobii Dynavox App mentioned in this guide. Tobii Dynavox
- AssistiveWare: Creator of Proloquo2Go, one of the most popular AAC apps. Their website provides comprehensive information on app features and AAC strategies. AssistiveWare - Proloquo2Go
- Centre for AAC & Autism: Offers information on how AAC can support individuals with autism. Centre for AAC & Autism
- NHS: Provides an overview of AAC and its role in treatment for speech disorders. NHS - Speech Disorders
These sources may be worth exploring to deepen your understanding of Augmentative and Alternative Communication and its role in enhancing communication abilities.
